برنامه‌ریزی بهینه انرژی و ذخیره یک ریزشبکه جزیره‌ای با درنظرگرفتن بارهای پاسخ‌گو و قیود امنیتی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر - دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

در این مقاله، یک مدل احتمالاتی برای برنامه‌ریزی هم‌زمان انرژی و ذخیره )چرخان و غیرچرخان( یک ریزشبکه جزیره‌ای با درنظرگرفتن برنامه‌های پاسخ‌گویی بار و قیود امنیتی پیشنهاد شده ‌است. هدف مسئله شامل بیشینه‌کردن سود بهره‌بردار ریزشبکه با درنظرگرفتن قیود امنیتی ولتاژ و فرکانس است. وجود منابع دارای عدم‌قطعیت مانند منابع تولید تجدیدپذیر و بارها ماهیت مسئله برنامه‌ریزی را احتمالاتی کرده که لازم است در یک مدل مبتنی بر سناریو فرمول‌بندی و حل شود. در مدل پیشنهادی، از شاخص مقدار شرطی در ریسک (CVaR) برای تعدیل اثرات منفی سناریوهای نامطلوب در مدل احتمالاتی استفاده شده ‌است. در این روش حساسیت سود بهره‌بردار و حاشیه‌های امنیت ریزشبکه در حالت‌های با و بدون مشارکت بارهای پاسخ‌گو نسبت به شاخص ریسک ارزیابی شده‌است. استفاده از این روش بهره‌بردار را قادر می‌سازد تا با انتخاب ضریب ریسک مناسب ضمن بیشینه‌کردن سود خود، حاشیه امنیت فرکانس و ولتاژ ریزشبکه را نیز بهبود بخشد. هم‌چنین، در این مدل برای ارزیابی واقعی‌تر امنیت سیستم و تعیین دقیق انحرافات فرکانس و ولتاژ در هر سناریو، از روش پخش توان بهینه AC (AC-OPF) استفاده شده ‌است. درنظرگرفتن قیود امنیتی فرکانس و ولتاژ به‌صورت هم‌زمان (برای هر ساعت) یک مزیت این روش است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimal Energy and Reserve Scheduling of an Islanded Microgrid Considering Responsive Loads and Security

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Vahedipour-Dahraie
  • H. Rashidizadeh-Kermani
  • H. Najafi
Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this paper, a probabilistic model for joint scheduling of energy and reserve (spinning and non-spinning) of an islanded microgrid is proposed considering demand response programs and security constraints. The objective of the problem is to maximize the expected profit of the microgrid operator with considering voltage and frequency security constraints. The presence of stochastic sources such as renewable resources and loads made the nature of the scheduling problem stochastic which is required to be formulated and solved in a scenario-based model. In the proposed method, to minimize the adverse effects of unfavorable scenarios, the cconditional value at risk (CVaR) criteria is used in the probabilistic model. In this method, the sensitivity of operator’s profit and the microgrid security margin in the cases with/ without the participation of responsive loads are assessed with considering risk criteria. Using this method, makes the operator capable to choose a proper risk factor as well as maximizing its expected profit and improving the security margin of voltage and frequency of the microgrid. In addition, in order to assess the system security more precisely and to determine the voltage and frequency deviations in each scenario, the AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) is applied. Considering the security constraints of voltage and frequency simultaneously (at each hour) is a benefit of this method.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Energy and reserve scheduling
  • demand response programs
  • AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF)
  • conditional value at risk (CVaR)
  • islanded microgrid
  • renewable resources

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