بررسی تاثیر جنسیت بر علایم ناشی از بیماری بیش‌فعالی بر مبنای ارزیابی تغییرات تراکم ماده خاکستری مغز

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، مهندسی پزشکی (دانشکده مهندسی)، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشیار، مرکز علوم و فناوری‌های شناختی فردوسی & آزمایشگاه تصویربرداری پزشکی، گروه مهندسی برق، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استاد و پزشک، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه پیکاردی ژول ورن، امیان، فرانسه

چکیده

اختلال نقص توجه/بیش‌فعالی (ADHD) یکی از شایع‌ترین اختلالات دوران کودکی است که عمدتاً با سه علامت اصلی شامل بی‌توجهی، بیش‌فعالی و تکانش‌گری مشخص می‌شود. این علائم در دختران و پسران به‌صورت متفاوتی بروز می‌یابند. در این مطالعه، رابطه بین اختلال ADHD و تراکم ماده خاکستری (GM) مغز با تمرکز بر تفاوت‌های جنسیتی بررسی شده است. داده‌های تصویربرداری ساختاری MRI از پایگاه داده ADHD-200 استخراج گردید که شامل ۱۶۴ پسر سالم، ۲۲۷ پسر مبتلا به ADHD، ۱۲۹ دختر سالم و ۶۷ دختر مبتلا به ADHD در بازه سنی ۷ تا ۱۴ سال می‌باشد. از روش مورفومتری مبتنی بر واکسل (VBM) برای مقایسه تراکم ماده خاکستری بین گروه‌های ADHD و کنترل در هر جنس استفاده شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که در پسران، نواحی شکنج خلفی کمربندی، پیش‌گوه، هیپوکامپ و تالاموس، و در دختران، ناحیه مخچه به‌طور معناداری تحت تأثیر این اختلال قرار گرفته‌اند. این نواحی در فرایندهای شناختی مانند یادگیری، حافظه، تنظیم هیجان و پردازش بینایی نقش دارند؛ از این‌رو، پسران مبتلا به ADHD ممکن است در این عملکردها دچار اختلال شوند، در حالی‌که دختران بیشتر با مشکلات توجه مواجه‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Gender Effect on the ADHD Symptoms Based on the Evaluation of Gray Matter Density Changes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mozhdeh Haddadpour 1
  • Mahdi Saadatmand 2
  • Fabrice Wallois 3
1 PhD Student, Biomedical Engineering (Faculty of Engineering), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Ferdowsi Cognitive Science and Technology Center & Medical Imaging Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 INSERM, U1105, GRAMFC, Université de Picardie, CHU Nord, Amiens F80000, France
چکیده [English]

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent childhood disorders, mainly characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms often manifest differently in males and females. This study investigates the relationship between ADHD and gray matter (GM) density in the brain, with a focus on gender differences. Structural MRI data were obtained from the ADHD-200 database, including 164 male controls, 227 male ADHDs, 129 female controls, and 67 female ADHDs, all aged between 7 and 14 years. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was used to compare GM density between ADHD and control groups for each gender. The findings indicate significant GM alterations in specific brain regions: the posterior cingulate gyrus, precuneus, hippocampus, and thalamus in males, and the cerebellum in females. These regions play key roles in cognitive functions such as learning, memory, emotion regulation, and visual processing. As a result, male ADHD patients may experience difficulties in managing these functions, while female patients may particularly struggle with attention compared to their healthy peers. This gender-specific pattern highlights the importance of considering sex differences in the neurobiological basis of ADHD.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
  • Voxel-based morphometry (VBM)
  • Gender differences
  • Gray matter density
  • Structural MRI
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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