A New Method for Global Maximum Power Point Tracking of Photovoltaic Arrays Including Several Parallel Strings under Partial Shading Conditions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

In this paper, a new method for extracting the global maximum power point (GMPP) of a PV array under partial shading conditions (PSCs) is presented. In the proposed method, it is shown that, independent of the pattern and intensity of the radiation, the GMPP position is always in the neighboring of the global peaks of one of the photovoltaic (PV) strings in the PV array. Therefore, in contrast to the existing methods in which the number of local peaks, tested as a GMPP candidate, is dependent on the number of different radiation levels on the array surface, in the proposed technique this number is reduced to the number of parallel strings in the photovoltaic array and is independent of the irradiation pattern on the PV array. As a result, to track the GMPP in PSC, first the GMPP of each PV string is estimated, and then the voltage of each of the estimated points is given to the power electronic converter as a reference voltage to regulate the PV array voltage at the corresponding candidate GMPP voltage. Next, in each case, the produced power is recorded and the voltage that produces the maximum power is known as the final GMPP of the PV array. Numerical results and comparative study with similar methods confirm the desirable performance of the proposed algorithm in finding the GMPP with an acceptable speed and accuracy.

References

[1]      M. A. G. De Brito, L. Galotto, L. P. Sampaio, G. d. A. e Melo, and C. A. Canesin, "Evaluation of the main MPPT techniques for photovoltaic applications," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 1156-1167, 2013.
[2]      T. Esram and P. Chapman, "Comparison of photovoltaic array maximum power point tracking techniques," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 439-449, 2007.
[3]      B. Subudhi and R. Pradhan, "A comparative study on maximum power point tracking techniques for photovoltaic power systems," IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 89-98, 2013.
[4]      A. Mohapatra, B. Nayak, P. Das, and K. B. Mohanty, "A review on MPPT techniques of PV system under partial shading condition," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 80, pp. 854-867, 2017.
[5]      M. Ramli, S. Twaha, K. Ishaque, and Y. A. Al-Turki, "A review on maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic systems with and without shading conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 67, pp. 144-159, 2017.
[6]      L. L. Jiang, D. Maskell, and J. C. Patra, "A novel ant colony optimization-based maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic systems under partially shaded conditions," Energy and Buildings, vol. 58, pp. 236-227,2013.
[7]      S. Mohanty, B. Subudhi, and P. K. Ray, "A new MPPT design using grey wolf optimization technique for photovoltaic system under partial shading conditions," IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 181-188, 2016.
[8]      K. Sundareswaran, S. Peddapati, and S. Palani, "MPPT of PV systems under partial shaded conditions through a colony of flashing fireflies," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 463-472, 2014.
[9]      K. Sundareswaran, P. Sankar, P. Nayak, S. P. Simon, and S. Palani, "Enhanced energy output from a PV system under partial shaded conditions through artificial bee colony," IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 198-209, 2015.
[10]      Y. Mahmoud and E. F. El-Saadany, "Fast power peaks estimator for partially shaded PV systems," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 206-217, 2016.
[11]      A. Maki and S. Valkealahti, "Effect of photovoltaic generator components on the number of MPPs under partial shading conditions," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 1008-1017, 2013.
[12]      A. Maki and S. M. Valkealahti, "Power losses in long string and parallel-connected short strings of series-connected silicon-based photovoltaic modules due to partial shading conditions," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 173-183, 2012.
[13]      E. Paraskevadaki and A. Papathanassiou, "Evaluation of MPP voltage and power of mc-Si PV modules in partial shading conditions," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 923-932, 2011.
[14]      H. Patel and V. Agarwal, "MATLAB-based modeling to study the effects of partial shading on PV array characteristics," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 302-310, 2008.
[15]      K. Chen, S. Tian, Y. Cheng, and L. Bai, "An improved MPPT controller for photovoltaic system under partial shading condition," IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 978-985, 2014.
[16]      E. I. Batzelis, I. Routsolias, and S. A. Papathanassiou, "An explicit PV string model based on the lambert W function and simplified MPP expressions for operation under partial shading," IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 301-312, 2014.
[17]      G. N. Psarros, E. I. Batzelis, and S. A. Papathanassiou, "Partial shading analysis of multistring PV arrays and derivation of simplified MPP expressions," IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 499-508, 2015.
[18]      S. Moballegh and J. Jiang, "Modeling, prediction, and experimental validations of power peaks of PV arrays under partial shading conditions," IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 293-300, 2014.
[19]      A. Ramyar, H. Iman-Eini, and S. Farhangi, "Global maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic arrays under partial shading conditions," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 2855-2864, 2017.
[20]      سید مجید هاشم‌زاده، ردیابی نقطه حداکثر توان در ژنراتورهای فوتوولتائیک تحت شرایط سایه جزئی، کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند، تبریز، صفحه 1-94، 1396.
[21]      M. Hejri and H. Mokhtari, "On the comprehensive parametrization of the photovoltaic (PV) cells and modules," IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 250-258, 2017.
[22]      M. G. Villalva, J. R. Gazoli, and E. Ruppert Filho, "Comprehensive approach to modeling and simulation of photovoltaic arrays," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 1198-1208, 2009.
[23]      J. Gow and C. M. Manning, "Development of a   photovoltaic array model for use in power-electronics simulation studies," IEE Proceedings-Electric Power Applications, vol. 146, no. 2, pp. 193-200, 1999.
[24]      M. Hejri, H. Mokhtari, M. R. Azizian, M. Ghandhari, and L. Soder, "On the parameter extraction of a five-parameter double-diode model of photovoltaic cells and modules," IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 915-923, 2014.
[25]      J. P. Ram and N. Rajasekar, "A novel flower pollination based global maximum power point method for solar maximum power point tracking," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2016.
[26]      C. Manickam, G. Raman, G. R. Raman, S. I. Ganesan, and N. Chilakapati, "Efficient global maximum power point tracking technique for a partially shaded photovoltaic string," IET Power Electronics, vol. 9, no. 14, pp. 2637-2644, 2016.
[27]      N.  Mohan,  First Course on Power Electronics, Minnesota Power Electronics Research & Education, 2009.
TABRIZ JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 49, Issue 4 - Serial Number 90
February 2020
Pages 1883-1894

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics