حضور بهینه‌ی ادوات FACTS پیش از وقوع خطا جهت بهبود پایداری گذرای سیستم قدرت بر اساس اختلاف زاویه ولتاژ ترمینال ژنراتورها

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی برق - دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر

چکیده

حفظ پایداری گذرای سیستم قدرت بستگی به عوامل مختلفی از جمله شرایط اولیه‌ی سیستم قبل از وقوع خطا دارد، لذا می‌توان انتظار داشت که با تغییر متغیرهای سیستم مانند زاویه‌ی روتور ژنراتورها در حالت ماندگار سیستم بتوان پایداری شبکه در برابر خطا را افزایش داد، این تغییر با حضور دائم ادوات FACTS  و تنظیم بهینه آن‌ها به صورت آنلاین امکان‌پذیر است. زمان بحرانی رفع خطا به عنوان دقیق‌ترین معیار ارزیابی پایداری گذرا خود می‌تواند تابع هدف این مسئله‌ی بهینه‌سازی باشد، ولی تعیین زمان بحرانی رفع خطا که مستلزم شبیه‌سازی حوزه‌ی زمان شبکه ضمن بررسی وقوع مکرر خطا می‌باشد امری زمان‌بر است و برای تنظیم آنلاین ادوات FACTS در یک سیستم قدرت که در هر لحظه متغیرهایش در حال تغییر هستند مناسب نیست. در این مقاله جهت بهبود پایداری گذرای یک شبکه‌ی هوشمند از طریق تنظیم آنلاین ادوات FACTS تابع هدف جدیدی بر اساس کاهش اختلاف زاویه‌ی ولتاژ ترمینال ژنراتورها ارائه می‌شود که سرعت بهینه سازی را به طرز چشمگیری افزایش می‌دهد. کمینه ساختن این تابع هدف با به کارگیری بهینه ادوات FACTS، معادل بیشینه ساختن پایداری گذرا خواهد بود. علاوه بر تنظیمات ادوات FACTS نوع، تعداد و مکان بهینه آنها نیز لحاظ می‌شود و در تعیین تعداد این ادوات هزینه‌ی سرمایه گذاری نیز لحاظ می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimal presence of FACTS devices before fault occurrence for transient stability enhancement based on terminal voltage angle difference of the generators

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. S. Mahdavi
  • G. B. Gharehpetian
  • N. Moaddabi
Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The ability of network generators to maintain their synchronism after a fault depends on several factors, including the initial conditions of the system before the fault, so it can be expected that by changing the system variables, such as the angle of the generator rotors in the system, the system stability can be against the fault. This change is possible by the Permanent presence of FACTS devices. The critical clearing time of fault as the most accurate criterion for transient stability evaluation can be the objective function of our optimization problem, but the determination of the critical clearing time, which involves the time domain simulation of the network along with the repeated examination of the fault occurrence It is time consuming to adjust the FACTS devices to a power system that is changing at any one time. In this paper, we present a new objective function based on the reduction of the voltage angle difference between generators terminals, which greatly increases the speed of optimization, in order to improve the transient stability of smart grid by setting up the online FACTS devices. Minimizing this objective function by optimizing the FACTS is equivalent to maximizing transient stability. In addition  to optimal tuning, optimal type, number and allocation of them are considered for long term. in determining the optimal number of these devices, the cost of investment is also considered.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transient Stability
  • Critical Clearing Time
  • Voltage Angle Difference Between Generators Terminals
  • FACTS
  • PSO

مراجع

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